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DESCRIPTIVE LECTURE. 



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THE GRAVE AND THE GAY. 



BY R.DY. D. LIVINGSTON /ILLEN. 



LATE SERGEANT CO. K, 13th N, J. VOLS. 



Prtgei, T^^ki Geints. 



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BOTH SIDES OF ARMY LIFE 

THE GRAVE AND THE GAY. 



There are many living whose earliest recollections are recitals of incidents 
dunng the War of the Revolution by aged grand or great-grand parents or 
others who had vivid recollections of the war which gained our independence 
as a nation and established the United States of America as a separate 
republic, founded upon the principle of self-government. 

The valor of our fathers, the heroism of the colonists, and the Ion- 
struggle against a mighty and powerful nation, with ultimate victorv and 
independence, so often quoted, kindled the f^res of patriotism upon the altar 
of American hearts. The sub.sequent wars of 1812 with England and of 1846 
with Mexico, which resulted victoriously for us, tended to educate us in the 
belief that we were invincible in zuar ! 

Fourth of July orators stirred our hearts with apostrophes to the Amer 
.can Flag, which was declared to be the greatest flag on earth, as it waved 
unmolested on every sea and in every land under the sun, giving protection 
to an American citizen evcryzvherc on the habitable globe, and guaranteeing 
him his rights and privileges, as an American, at home or abroad 

The American Eagle, perched upon the staff to which was attached our 
fiag, was eulogized as the proudest and greatest bird in all the earth ' He 
could fly higher, swoop down lower, soar longer, and measure more from tip 
to tip than any other national bird. All this with reference to the flag and 
eagle was sentiment; but it educated Young America patriotically, so that 
when the glorious old stars and stripes— emblems of national unitv-was fired 
upon at Sumter, the Northern heart was fired with indignation, and this senti- 
nient was to become crystallized into the solid steel of military activity, and was 
to be proven the VERY EMBODIMENT OF INVINCIBLE FORCE ! 

At the call to arms to maintain the integrity of the Union and the dig- 
nity of the old flag, the " boys " came from hamlet, village, town and city • 
from the woods, fields, workshops, stores, banks, colleges and pulpits, to sustain 
the Government, crush out rebellion, and prevent the severance of the States 
The history of the early days of the struggle, with necessary organization 
and preparation, with its disasters and consequent effects, we need not detail 
To obtain a starting point, and also to narrate events coming directly under 
the author's eye, we view the second defeat at Bull Run, the immediate gath- 
ering of the army, the hurrying forward of new troops into Maryland and 
follow the fortunes of the First Division of the Twelfth Corps, which at' that 
time was reinforced by the I3lh New Jersey, 107th and 150th New York, all 
new regiments, and all being attached to the 3d Brigade. 



Though under fire at South Mountain, the brigade took no part in that 
battle; but early on the morning of September 17, 1862, as the gray dawn 
was pushing back the blackness of night, revealing the blue of day, we were 
ordered by the gray-haired Mansfield to push back the grey of treason and 
show the enemy the pure blue of loyalty! Up the wooded slope — over the 
dead and dying — meeting the stretcher-bearers carrying the dear wounded 
boys — through the woods to the edge of the cornfield— the scene of a des- 
perate and bloody charge ! Just there, under a large tree, with the Surgeon 
of the Regiment, wounded severely, by his side, sat one of the 107th New 
York boys, with both limbs broken by a solid shot ; and he, in his agony, 
knowing death must soon come, was calling. Mother ! MOTHER ! MOTHER! 
Brave hearts trembled — strong men wept — indescribable emotions swept over 
mind and heart — Forivard ! FORWARD! the command rose higher, and on we 
went — through the cornfield — up to the Hagerstown Pike, leaping the five-rail 
fence on either side, and meeting a volley from the enemy which carried 
death and disaster to many. Down men ! ran along the line ; the rebels 
advance, firing as they come ; it is a critical moment ; the ground occupied 
had been won by hard fighting ; the " Pike " was important ; but there was a 
great gap to our right — and on the left we were advanced considerably 
beyond the line ; the enemy sees the gap at the right — run for it, and are 
about coming down on our flank to crush us when we are ordered to fall back 
in line to the edge of the woods at the historic cornfield. Reinforcements, 
which could not get into the break in the line in time, meet the oncoming 
rebels with a terrific volley and send them back sullen, but defeated in their 
intended purpose. 

The fight had raged furiously on the right, and down by the Dunker 
Church there had been great strife ; the ground had been lost and won time 
and again. Now, that the conflict in our immediate front had been tempo- 
rarily decided, the brigade is ordered into the woods to the left and in front 
of the Dunker Church, with instructions not to fire a single shot; to lie flat 
on the ground, and await the coming of the enemy; when the rebels advance 
upon us to fall back steadily and in line to the brow of the hill, behind the 
batteries planted there, and halt. Lying in the woods, observing the move- 
ments of the Confederates, we saw them form their line ; they advance at a 
" trail arms," evidently contemplating a surprise ; we allow them to come 
within fifty yards, and then we rise and retreat in good order, receive a volley, 
fall down behind the artillery, which immediately pours grape and canister 
into their very faces, the concussion causing many to rise up twenty feet in 
the air, as though shot out of a gun ! The brigade was withdrawn ; the regi- 
ments encamped after roll-call and recording of casualties; the 13th New 
Jersey lost one hundred and sixty-five. 

Attached to Company K of the 13th New Jersey was one Sam. C. Davis, 
whom "the boys" nicknamed "Jeff" Davis; one of those cross, crabbed, 
cranky, crusty, cantankerous fellows, sometimes met with, who was against 
everybody and expected everybody to be against him. One of the boys 
espied something on Jeff's knapsack — and, by the way, he was short and 
stout, and always carried about four times as large a knapsack as any other 
member of the company — and he cried out, " I say, Jeff, look at your knap- 



sack ; take it off and look at it." " Mind your business," said Jeff. " Oh, 
Jeff, see your knapsack!" cried out a number in chorus. "Mind your busi- 
ness, and don't bother me," replied Jeff; finally, after considerable wrangling, 
he dropped his load, unstrapped his coffee-pot, held it up, and the light 
streamed through a hole made by a ball. " Consarn them 'ere pesky rebels," 
yelled Jeff, "they put a hole clean through my new coffee-pot, and I paid 
forty-five cents for it ! " " But see your frying-pan, Jeff," called out another. 
He slowly raised it up, saw that the rim had been shot away from a large part 
of it, and angrily said, " They could not even let my frying-pan alone, consarn 
'em, the pesky fellows," and then threw it as far away as he could. 

Neither brigade or corps took any part in the Fredericksburg disaster, 
being " stuck in the mud," making, on an average, about five miles a day. 
After the failure of Burnside, Hooker was placed in command of the army, 
and immediately issued orders increasing and c'nanging the quality of the 
rations. A German named John Icke, coming down the company street with 
both arms full, met the author and, smiling, said, " See vat Hooker feeds us 
mit ; he is fattenen us up fur de schlauter-house." 

At Chancellorsville, on Friday afternoon, we were ordered down toward 
Marye's Heights, out into a swampy forest, to " feel the enemy." To better 
enable us to do this, perhaps, we were drawn up into an open field and 
ordered to leave our knapsacks. We did leave them, for not a single soul has 
ever seen one of them since ! The value of my own was not very great ; and 
I have long since buried any ill-will harbored toward my late antagonists, 
having shaken hands " across the bloody chasm " with many of them ; still, it 
is liard to forget. In a certain knapsack left that day there was a certain 
package of letters, from a certain person, tied up with blue ribbon ! The 
fellow who got those letters has never been forgiven or forgotten, because those 
letters were from " the girl I left behind me " — my " own Mary Ann ! " 

We were not driven out of that place ; we merely went about a mile 
further to the right and haek of that field where the knapsacks were left, and 
thus gave the suffering and needy army of Lee some new clothing. Back on 
the " Pike," beyond the Chancellor House, across the creek, and into the edge 
of the woods we went, halted, and lay upon the wet, marshy soil all night. 
Saturday morning a line was formed and works erected. Down on our left 
and front was the Eleventh Corps. Sharp volleys of musketry' are heard ; 
closer and closer it seems to roll toward us ; batteries at the rear, as well as in 
front, add to the din ; the First Division is ordered out of its works, and goes 
to the rear of the Eleventh Corps, in support of it ; the battle rages fiercer 
and fiercer; a terrific and long-continued roll of m.usketry tells of reinforce- 
ments to the enemy ; the Union line receives the onset, wavers, doubles up. 
and runs ! The flushed Confederates pursue ; teams, wagons, artillery horses, 
men, pack mules, and ambulances, all mix together and push against the 
First Division of the Twelfth Corps, while some of the more desperate, panic- 
stricken men of Schurz's Division of the Eleventh Corps, in order to save 
themselves as they think, endeavor to drive back the First Division ; it, how- 
■ever, "hangs on" until the routed ones not captured all get beyond its lines, 
when it, too, in compliance with orders, moves off toward its old position. 
In the edge of the woods we are halted by an obstruction in the form of the 



enemy occupying the very works we built and had left shortly before, to 
strengthen the line on the left. All through the night we retained our line 
without works or barricade. With the dawn of the Sabbath day began the 
terrible conflict which raged almost without intermission through the day and 
a part of the night. 

The First Division fought by brigade lines, three lines to each brigade, 
consequently was under fire and engaged until nearly or quite noon, when it 
was relieved by fresh troops ; but the relieving forces " marched " to the rear 
faster than we did, they being driven by the charge made to capture the 
thirty-six pieces of artillery bristling on the crest of the hill to the Union left 
of the " Pike " and just behind the creek. Elated with the success of the day 
before, inspired by the arrival of fresh troops, and believing themselves invin- 
cible on that field, the Confederates determined to carry the hill, break our 
line, and win the fight. Steadily they advance, though thirty-six double- 
shotted guns belch forth fire, and death, and destruction in their very faces, 
opening wide swaths in their ranks ! Without flinching they move forward, 
close up the gaps made in their ranks, and, with their eyes, and hearts, and 
purposes fixed on the batteries, they reach the guns as the artillerymen fire 
the last shot, while the horses are being attached to take them away. One 
brave fellow, whose name will not be written very high on the roll of the hon- 
ored dead or conspicuously gallant, — a member of the 13th New Jersey, — 
with both limbs broken, mounted a gun as it was being taken away, by 
drawing himself up by his arms astride the cannon. Thus, with broken, 
dangling limbs, he clings to the gun as the horses gallop ; but, when down by 
the Rappahannock the artillery had reached a place of safety and halted, he 
was found still clinging to his piece but in death ! 

The tide of war was against us. Slowly but surely the lines fall back, 
abandoning position after position, defence after defence, until the Union 
Army was occupying an entrenched line on the hills above the swelling Rap- 
pahannock. Here the defeated, though not dispirited, army lay, while the 
drenching rains wet us all and caused the river to rise higher and higher; 
apparently, even Providence was against us, for it was impossible to cross the 
river or to lay pontoon bridges. The swollen stream at last subsided, bridges 
were put in place, corps after corps was successfully landed on the other side, 
and the army, saved from capture or annihilation, marched sadly back to its 
old cantonments, save the dear boys who freely gave their lives, limbs and 
blood for the proud, yet sorely stricken, country they loved. John Icke, the 
night he took his old quarters, as he threw into the stockade all he had left, 
said, "Didn't I tell you Hooker was fattenen us up fur de schlauter-house ? 
Wc 've been there ! " 

John C. Maddox was a member of Company G, 13th New Jersey Vols. 
When the roll was called he did not answer to his name. It was said that he 
was seen alive, going to the rear as fast as it was possible for him to get there. 
Several days passed, but no Maddox appeared. Finally, one fine day, in 
walked Mr. M., as "large as life and twice as natural." His Captain, (who 
had been "sweet" on his sister,) inquired where he had been, what had 
befallen him, etc., to all of which Maddox gave unsatisfactory answers. The 
Captain, fearing harsh measures might prejudice his case with the sister, 



s . 

marched him up before the Colonel, who inquired, " Maddox, where have you 
been?" "To Washington, sir," was the answer. "What was you doing 
there?" "I was on detached service, sir." "Who ordered you away from 
the regiment, and when did you go?" " Well, sir," replied Maddox, " I have 
as brave a heart in my body as any man, but the most cowardly legs you ever 
saw. When we were going into the fight, and the minnies whistled ' where is 
he? where is he?' I said, ' Brave heart, go on, there is honor and glory before 
you ! ' Then the shells called out, ' That 's him ! that 's him ! ' and I said, 
' Courage, brave heart, there 's glory here ! ' but these cowardly legs of mine 
turned about, against the protest of my brave heart, and actually detached 
ine. I ran off the field, crossed the river in a wagon, and ran all the way to 
the Long Bridge. It was my cowardly legs that did it." He was courtmar- 
tialed, and sentenced to forfeit ten dollars a month for six months out of his 
pay. Poor, brave heart, suffering for the deed of a pair of cowardly legs. 

The Confederate General Lee doubtless thought the Union army had 
suffered in morale as well as in men — was dispirited, and, therefore, could be 
easily beaten. In any event, he started East. The Twelfth Corps moved on 
his flank, and, by forced marches, was in his front when his head of column 
reached Littlestown, Pa. ; and there, with the assistance of cavalry, drove the 
rebels out of the town and back upon Gettysburgh. The next day Reynolds 
fell ; the struggle on the left became desperate — its outcome was of momen- 
tous importance. Sickles, with his shattered and decimated corps, was 
^' holding on " and striving against great odds, and at great disadvantage, to 
maintain his position. At this critical juncture, the Twelfth Corps was 
ordered on the double quick to Sickles' relief. Down through the ravines, up 
the stony slopes, through fields and orchards, on we swept, reaching the scene 
of conflict and pressing the rebel right flank as we moved forward, grape and 
canister, shot and shell, and rifle ball, hurled at us with unceasing vigor, 
betokened the magnitude of our reception and the desperation with which 
the enemy was pushing against our left to break the line and force us to 
select another position to give him battle on. With equal determination, 
Sickles, and Slocum with his Twelfth Corps, pushed the fight, until, as dark- 
ness veiled the earth and that field of carnage, the enemy desisted and the 
position was ours. 

Under the friendly covering of the night, the Twelfth Corps was with- 
drawn and placed on the extreme right of the line, behind Rock Creek. The 
Morning of July 3, 1863, dawned upon both armies fully prepared for a deci- 
sive battle. Up to noon there had been considerable artillery and rifle firing, 
but no general engagement. At a given signal, the artillery of both armies 
inaugurated the greatest artillery duel of modern wars; the noise, and shock, 
and shriek, was incessant, terrific, and the fire deadly. The flower of the Con- 
federate Army is massed against the key to the Union position. Under that 
fearful thunder of guns, in the face of flashing rifles before their very eyes, 
with a heroism worthy a holy cause and an apparent disregard of conse- 
quences, that almost invincible band leap forward to the task assigned only to 
meet with stubborn resistance and a positive negative to the plan of the com- 
mander-in-chief. Again and again did their intrepid commanders hurl them 
against that living wall of invincible wearers of the blue, only to meet death 



6 

and be broken to pieces, until at last, worn out with the struggle, the few 
remaining of that brave band were unable to again go up to the charge. 
While this momentous struggle was progressing the whole line was more or 
less engaged. On the extreme right, an aide-de-camp handed the Colonel of 
the 2d Massachusetts an order to " advance his line." This necessitated the 
weakening of the line held by a part of the First Division of the Twelfth 
Corps, by withdrawing from the works and separating the men so as to fill the 
gap caused by the withdrawal of the 2d Massachusetts. The 13th New 
Jersey, or a part of it, held the works about to be vacated. When all was 
ready, the 2d Massachusetts gallantly clambered over the works, formed line, 
and moved forward. Not over twenty yards had been traversed, when a 
fearful volley of musketry was poured into them, and seventy-two of the dear, 
brave boys went down ! The Colonel, instantly realizing that a mistake, or a 
criminal blunder, had been made, ordered his men back, and the former posi- 
tions were again taken by the regiments composing the brigade. Within 
sight lay the dead and wounded ; heroic men braved death to bring them in, 
for every one was mercilessly shot at, some being killed and others wounded ; 
still they lay there calling upon us to relieve them, and for the love of God to 
give them water! There are some things man cannot do; one is to see 
suffering, hear cries for help, or stop his ears when appealed to by the love he 
bears his God, his family, his country, or his mother, and then refuse assist- 
ance. True humanitarians procured stretchers, water, bandages, etc., and, 
scaling the works, went forth on an errand of mercy ! Remorselessly, and, as 
it seemed, savagely, were they shot down ere they reached a suffering soul I 
Again and again were like efforts made, the men holding white flags aloft, 
only to meet the fate of their predecessors. It was certain death to show your- 
self ! All that long, hot afternoon the poor boys lay there calling for help, 
water, and mother ! Some, with a little strength left, crawled slowly and 
laboriously toward the line only to perish before the goal was reached ! It 
was stated afterward that the order to the 2d Massachusetts was not to 
" advance the line," but to " advance skirmishers." 

When the gems studding the arch of blue above us shone brightly that 
night, the First Division of the Twelfth Corps was withdrawn from the line, 
being relieved by a newly uniformed and equipped contingent of Maryland 
troops, afterward learned to be " emergency men." The First Division 
marched back on the road toward Littlestown, then took a road running 
south, and, after a few miles had been covered, came up with a division of 
cavalry and there bivouacked for the night. Early the next morning we were 
on the move, and followed a road which we supposed would bring us in front 
of our old position. In this we were not mistaken ; all along the march 
stragglers from the retreating Confederate Army were " picked up," who gave 
us the intelligence that Lee had retreated. The division came to Rock 
Creek, crossed over, and entered the line of works just at the place we had 
departed from. The newly-uniformed Maryland boys were there — there in 
the body, but lifeless, and cold, and still, with no welcome for us ! The 
enemy, hearing the noise of departing the night before, and supposing the 
line was being evacuated, in order to accelerate the speed of the troops, 
charged the works I The Maryland Union boys fought Maryland rebels, and. 



like when Greek meets Greek, then " came the tug of war ! " On our side of 
the works the ground was strewn with Maryland men, and the earth was red 
with Union Maryland blood ; so, on the other side there were great numbers 
of rede/ Maryland men lying, and the earth was dyed with their blood. 

Lee was followed to the Rappahannock, the Twelfth Corps going on the 
upper part of the river. While encamped at the fords, the New York draft 
riots were in progress, and some regiments were sent to New York to assist in 
quelling them. In one of the regiments composing the 3d Brigade were two 
brothers by the name of Anderson. One was sick in hospital with typhoid 
fever; the other attended him when off duty and ministered to his wants. 
One day, when the well one was on picket, the sick boy inquired for him and 
was informed that he was down the river on the picket-line. That night at 
about one o'clock, in his delirium, he eluded his watcher, and, clad only in a 
loose robe, in the chill of the night he wended his way to the remotest picket- 
post of the regiment, where his brother was then on duty. He dare not leave 
to care for the loving sick boy ; all that he could do was to give him his own 
blanket and coat and cause him to lie down until relieving time. In the 
morning they brought the dying boy back ; before noon he had gone with the 
"silent majority." With cracker boxes and odds and ends of boards, a box 
was made ; the dear dead boy was wrapped in a blanket ; an American flag 
was placed on the box holding his remains ; with muffled drums beating the 
dead march, with arms reversed, the " boys " followed that stricken brother, — 
who, a// alone, walked behind that rude box, — down to the spot where the 
dead boy's love for his brother had taken him ; there was he borne, and 
lovingly and tenderly buried ! 

In the fall of 1863, the Eleventh and Twelfth Corps were consolidated, 
designated the Twentieth, and ordered to the Southwest. The Second 
Division, under General Geary, fought Hooker's immortal battle of Lookout 
Mountain — "the battle above the clouds." The First Division was stretched 
along the Nashville & Chattanooga Railroad, guarding it against the incur- 
sions of the Confederate cavalry. The " Western Army," as it was some- 
times called, did not take very kindly to Hooker's corps of former " Army of 
the Potomac " designation. Day after day, as the soldiers were passing over 
the railroad from the hospitals to the front — the convalescents and healed 
wounded of the battle of Chickamauga, — they saluted the Twentieth Corps 
with — "paper collar soldiers;" "do you get 'soft bread' everyday now?" 
" you fellows can't fight ; " " Lee nearly always beats you ; " and, " we '11 show 
you how to fight." The boys took it good naturedly and bided their time. 

Walking down the railroad from Normandy to Duck River bridge, one 
day, one of the 3d Brigade boys met a little colored boy, apparently seven or 
eight years old. The colored fellow said, " Massa, does you want a cook?" 
"What's your name?" the soldier asked. "Green," responded the boy. 
" Green what ? " inquired his interrogator. " Green nothing," replied the lad. 
"Where's your father and mother?" " Done ain't got no fader — never had 
any; done ain't got no moder either now, 'cause she's rund off and left Green, 
to be a ossifer's cook, and I want to be a cook too." "Come along," said the 
wearer of the red star, " and you can be my cook." No sooner was ■Gre«n 
installed as cook for the mess than he began making inquiries how he might 



become white. David Hicks, a jolly, rollicking follow, who stuttered greatly, 
took Green in hand and proceeded to instruct him how to "turn white." 
Dave said, " G-g-r-r-een, y-j--ou iri-m-ust h-h-ave y-y-our w-w-ool shaved of-f." 
Green submitted gracefully. Dave dexterously used the razor, but left a 
bunch of wool the size of a silver dollar in the centre of Green's crown, for, as 
he told him, "it w-would k-k-ill any d-d-arn n-nig-g-ger to t-take all his w-w-ooI 
off at once." 

Attached to one of the regiments was a character by name Young. Of 
course, he was dubbed " Brigham " Young. His cap was always on sideways ; 
his clothing never fit him; his pantaloons were always "hiked up" on one 
side, while the other leg was under foot ; his feet were so large that it was 
said the Quartermaster rarely could find a seventeen for him, and, conse- 
quently, it was often absolutely necessarj- to cut off the toes of the shoes to 
make them long enough. The size of his feet, as he laid with them to the fire, 
prevented the heat from reaching his body, so he would curl himself up 
alongside his fire and burn his pants bottoms off. " Brigham " was a hearty 
fellow — always looking for something to eat. It was intimated that, on a 
" pinch," he ivould steal provisions ; but, as he was never caught, it was 
thought by some to be a slander. One night, however, when " Brigham " was 
one of the guards on the commissary tent, about twenty-five pounds of pork, 
twenty of " hard tack," several quarts of beans, dried apples, vinegar and 
molasses, with many pounds of sugar, cofTee, etc., were found to be missing. 
A search of the quarters of the guard revealed nothing; the missing pro- 
visions could not be found. Again " Brigham's " tent was searched. Down 
about two feet, under boards covered with earth, was found the plunder. 
Temptation was stronger than " Brigham ; " the sight of so much to eat was 
too much for him. The courtmartial did not take into account his weakness; 
he was assessed ten dollars a month for six months. 

While guarding the railroad it was necesstJty, for the protection of the 
regiments, to place a cordon of pickets about the camp of each. The usual 
distance was from a fourth to half-a-mile beyond the camp. One dark, cold 
night, during the winter of '63-4, a .shot was heard on the picket-line, followed 
quickly by several others, indicating that something was wrong down near 
Duck River, about half-a-mile beyond the camp of the 13th New Jersey. As 
quickly as possible the regiment was ordered out and in line. As soon as all 
was read)-, silently and as noiselessly as it could, the regiment moved out of 
its camp, across the railroad, over one field, scaling a fence, crossing another 
field, and, halting in line of battle behind a fence ; right in front, within ten 
yards, was the enemy in force — two white donkeys ! Chopfallen, half-angrily, 
and with muttered threats against somebody, the Colonel ordered a return. 
Reaching camp, the irrepressible Maddox, was found. He had been on 
picket. Hearing a rushing, thundering sound coming nearer and nearer his 
post, he said he " thought " the whole Southern Confederacy had broken 
loose and was coming down pell-mell onto him ; so, as a good soldier and 
faithful sentinel, he had " fired at the advancing enemj- and then run to camp 
to warn the regiment .' " The next morning, after roll-call, as each company 
" broke ranks," every man went down to Company G's quarters, and, standing 
in front of Maddox's tent, placed each hand behind an ear, and moving his 



fingers to represent the flapping of a donkey's ears, cried out, in imitation of 
that sleek, solemn quadruped, " Auh-uh ! Auh-uh ! Auh-uh-uh ! " 

Early in the spring of 1864, the Twentieth Corps was united at Chatta- 
nooga, and formed a part of that invincible host which, under the intrepid, 
independent, fearless and victorious SHERMAN, was destined in one year to 
fight its way from Chattanooga to Savannah, and thence to Raleigh. In the 
early part of May we pushed up against the rocky Dalton, and pressed the 
enemy back. Down to Buzzard Roost the corps hurried, carried its slopes, 
and triumphantly marched through the gap. At Resaca, the corps hurled 
itself against the rebel right, charging batteries and works, and capturmg 
guns, prisoners and battle-flags. The Second Division was faced by massive 
works, which bristled with guns. With spade and shovel the works were 
undermined, and the "white star" boys dragged the guns from under the 
eyes of the enemy and drew them to the rear. After the battle was won, the 
soldiers of the other corps said, " Boys, you, are not paper collar soldiers ; you 
do n't eat ' soft bread ' every day ; 2.xiA you can fight ! We take it all back ! " 

At Pumpkin Vine Creek, Hooker and his body guard "ran against a 
snag." The First Division of his Twentieth Corps was hurried forward, 
carried the bridge, drove the rebels some distance, and halted for a few 
moments' rest. Hooker personally ordered the Colonel of the 13th New 
Jersey to deploy the regiment as skirmishers, and directed the other regi- 
ments of the brigade to follow in line of battle. Forward moved the skirmish 
line ; on behind followed the battle line ; down the rocky slopes of that pine 
forest, with blinding rain beating in their faces and heaven's artillery thun- 
dering above them, did the patriotic boys go ; on and on, further and further, 
faster and faster, they went, until, without warning, hidden from sight and 
protected by the storm, the enemy had drawn them upon their works and 
batteries! No louder was the roar above them from the clouds than the 
crash of shot and shell, and explosion of schrapnel, and the roll of volley after 
volley of musketry, which poured into them and mowed them down as grass 
before the scythe! A mere handful of men had been thrown against the 
strongest part of an intrenched line, strengthened with batteries, (masked and 
undiscoverable save by the pufT of smoke as they were used), and the works 
filled with the best soldiery of that army. Somebody blundered ! It was not a 
disaster, but a fearful and useless waste of life. John Icke declared that 
"Hooker had taken us to the ' schlautter-house ' agin!" 

Day by day ground was taken ; every week marked substantial gain and 
victory for the Union cause. The Chattahooche River was reached and 
crossed. The Fourth Corps was sent above some miles. After a few days of 
preparation, and all was in readiness for aggressive work, a detachment frorn 
the Twentieth Corps went out to meet .the Fourth. The "heads of column " 
met where roads running east and west and north and south -crossed. The 
Fourth " filed left " into the road running south, while the Twentieth " filed 
right " and took that side of the same road. Thus, marching side by side, 
the "heads of column" moving together, a sudden sound of gun ahead and 
noise of shell above warn of danger. Each column moves to .the side of the 
road it has been traveling, forms line and moves forward to contest the 
crossing of Nancy's Creek.' The schrapnel bursts above us ; the iron falls on 



9 

fingers to represent the flapping of a donkey's ears, cried out, in imitation of 
that sleek, solemn quadruped, '' Auh-uh ! Auh-uh ! Auh-uh-uh ! " 

Early in the spring of 1864, the Twentieth Corps was united at Chatta- 
nooga, and formed a part of that invincible host which, under the intrepid, 
independent, fearless and victorious SHERMAN, was destined in one year to 
fight its -way from Chattanooga to Savannah, and thence to Raleigh. In the 
early part of May we pushed up against the rocky Dalton, and pressed the 
enemy back. Down to Buzzard Roost the corps hurried, carried its slopes, 
and triumphantly marched through the gap. At Resaca, the corps hurled 
itself against the rebel right, charging batteries and works, and capturing 
guns, prisoners and battle-flags. The Second Division was faced by ma.ssive 
works, which bristled with guns. With spade and shovel the works were 
undermined, and the "white star" boys dragged the guns from under the 
eyes of the enemy and drew them to the rear. After the battle was won, the 
soldiers of the other corps said, " Boys, you are not paper collar soldiers ; you 
do n't eat ' soft bread ' every day ; andjv« can fight ! We take it all back ! " 

At Pumpkin Vine Creek, Hooker and his bod}' guard " ran against a 
snag." The First Division of his Twentieth Corps was hurried forward, 
carried the bridge, drove the rebels some distance, and halted for a few 
moments' rest. Hooker personally ordered the Colonel of the 13th New 
Jersey to deploy the regiment as skirmishers, and directed the other regi- 
ments of the brigade to follow in line of battle. P'orward moved the skirmish 
line ; on behind followed the battle line ; down the rocky slopes of that pine 
forest, with blinding rain beating in their faces and heaven's artillery thun- 
dering above them, did the patriotic boys go ; on and on, further and further, 
faster and faster, they went, until, without warning, hidden from sight and 
protected by the storm, the enemy had drawn them upon their works and 
batteries! No louder was the roar above them from the clouds than the 
crash of shot and shell, and explosion of schrapnel, and the roll of volley after 
volley of musketry, which poured into them and mowed them down as grass 
before the scythe ! A mere handful of men had been thrown against the 
strongest part of an intrenched line, strengthened with batteries, (masked and 
undiscoverable save by the puff of smoke as they were used), and the works 
filled with the best soldiery of that army. Somebody blundered ! It was not a 
disaster, but a fearful and useless waste of life. John Icke declared that 
"Hooker had taken us to the ' schlautter-house ' agin!" 

Day by day ground was taken ; every week marked substantial gain and 
victory for the Union cause. The Chattahooche River was reached and 7^ 
crossed. The P'ourth Corps was sent above some miles. After a few days of 
preparation, and all was in readiness for aggressive work, a detachment from 
the Twentieth Corps went out to meet the Fourth. The "heads of column" 
met where roads running east and west and north and south crossed. The 
Fourth " filed left " into the road running south, while the Twentieth " filed 
right " and took tha'c side of the same road. Thus, marching side by side, 
the "heads of column" moving together, a sudden sound of gun ahead and 
noise of shell above warn of danger. Each column moves to .the side of the 
road it has been traveling, forms line and moves forward to contest the 
crossing of Nancy's Creek. The schrapnel bursts above us ; the iron falls on 



II 



campaign. Among the regiments to receive an extraordinary number of 
recruits were the 2d Massachusetts and the 13th New Jersey. A sergeant of 
Company K, 13th New Jersey, was seated in his tent one bright September 
day writing. A large, bushy head was thrust insid-e, and a coarse voice gave 
expression to " How are you ? " The sergeant was astonished — did not know 
the man; but, going outside and facing the soldier, asked, "Who are you?" 
The answer came from a large, pompous, coarse, swaggering individual, with 
much show of braggadocio, " My name is Ike Kelsey ; I 'm a charcoal burner 
from Passaic County, New Jersey ; I 've heard this was a good regiment, and 
that Company K was a first-rate company, so I 've 'listed in it, and have come 
here to help put down the rebellion. The peskj' rebels can't kill Old Ike — 
d' ye hear me — I 'm talkin' now ! No, sir-ree ! they can't kill Old Ike, bi gosh ! 
Not by a tarnal sight, they can't, BE GOSH ! Ike's good for 'em, every time!" 

Company K had another queer recruit — Joe Wright. He seemed to 
have been thrown toget/ur. Was a little bit of a weazened, bony piece of 
humanity, without symmetry or order in his make-up. He was X-eyed and 
colorado-maduro colored. He was very anxious to learn how to " train," but 
would always get his piece in the left hand and step off with the right foot. 
On drill or parade he was always out of line ; when it was " right dress " Joe 
looked (or seemed to look) straight ahead; when it was "front" Joe's eyes 
would seem to be looking toward the right. At last, it became necessary to 
take him out all alone for drill, and to teach him that " eyes right " meant, for 
him, to look straight ahead, and " front " meant to look toward the right ; 
thus, by reversing the orders, Joe could " train " all right. 

While garrisoning Atlanta, an attack was made upon the city : a feeble 
one, it is true ; nevertheless, it occasioned a gathering of the troops and a 
march out some five or six miles. When some three miles out on a road 
leading to the north, in a little clearing at a crossroad, a strange, sad sight 
was observed. A cart, with one ox before it — a ricketty, broken vehicle — a 
thin, half-starved ox, fastened by old ropes and leather straps to the cart. In 
the cart a little pine box, about two feet long, unpainted and unplaned. By 
the side of the cart an opened grave ; by it an aged negro, with locks as white 
as snow. In the little box, the body of a white child! The father was killed 
in the Confederate Army before Atlanta; the mother died of grief; the child 
dead because there was none but the old slave to nurse it ! He was the only 
mourner; he was also the grave-digger, and the undertaker! Oh, war ! how 
terrible thou art ! Rebellion, what misery didst thou cause ! Unholy ambi- 
tion, with what sins canst thou not be charged ! 

"The March to the Sea" — that brilliant exploit, immortalized in song 
and prose — was severe and laborious ; howbeit, it was enjoyable until the last 
two weeks of its duration. On the " trip," after encamping one night, the 
sergeant in charge of the Twentieth Corps Provost Guard heard groanings 
and exclamations as if some one was suffering excruciating agony. In com- 
pliance with standing orders that headquarters was to be quiet, he sent some 
one to ascertain the cause and instruct the party to keep silence. The mes- 
senger returned with the statement that Ike Kelsey was dying and wanted to 
see the Sergeant. (Ike's company was then Corps Provost Guard.) Hastening 
to the place from whence the sounds proceeded, Ike was found writhing with 



12 



colic and exclaiming, "Ike is goin' to die, sure! Ike can't stand it long! 
Sergeant, write to my wife— tell her where I am buried, and that I was a 
good soldier. The rebels can't kill Old Ike, be gosh! but Ike is goin' to die, 
sure. Then he cried like a five-year-old boy. The surgeon came and pre- 
scribed for him, the sergeant went to attend to his duties, and all was quiet. 
The ne.xt morning, the first man the sergeant saw was "Old Ike," who burst 
out w th "They can't kiir Old Ike, be gosh! Ike is good for the Johnnies 
yet! I'll give 'em hail Columbia when I git after them, by gosh! Now I'm 
shouten', sure ! Tlicy emit kill Old Ike, he gosh ! " 

Dqwu in the rice swamps, before Savannah, our rations gave out. Fort 
McAlli.ster prevented the transports from reaching us — and Savannah could 
not be caken unless McAllister could be reduced or captured. The days pass 
on : hunger is the portion of the army ; .starvation stares the " vets " in the 
face. Rumors of "something going to take place" were rife. On Chave's 
rice mill was a signal station. There also was Howard, and Slocum, and 
Sherman. We learned to cast our eyes up there as wistfully as ever did the 
Hebrews longingly gaze toward Heaven for signs of deliverance. At last, the 
signal flags convey important messages. A dull sound is heard away oflf 
toward McAllister. It flashes down the lines — the joyful intelligence does — 
that Hace?i's Division has aitaeked the fort ! Was there ever doubt of success 
along that line of hungry "Yanks?" No! Did anyone believe that Fort 
McAllister cw//,r/ hold out against that assault? No! Why? THE ARMY 
\V.\s IN NEED OF FOOD ! Every man who went up against that Fort- meant 
to take it! It was taken; Savannah fell, and the army was saved. 

Great numbers of refugees had clung to the army, and they suffered 
greatl)'. Their eyes had been turned Northward, anxiously looking for deliv- 
erance for many days. Their expectations and hopes were not in \'ain. 
When the army came, like Israel of old, which followed the cloud and pillar, 
and tramped the wilderness behind Moses, so they, in their simplicity and 
ignorance, followed, expecting to find the promised land of freedom : but, to 
many, death was the real liberator — disease, exposure, and want of food 
causing hundreds to perish. 

Once more Sherman was to surprise the country, and the army too. 
Cutting loose from his communications, and without provisions for his army, 
he crosses over into the Carolinas, instructs his men to live on the country, 
and proceeds on his triumphal way. 

To the credit of Sherman's " bummers," let it be said, that, living on the 
country as they did, gathering provisions under well-defined rules and under 
duly authorized of^cers, they took only useful articles — these were bonnets, 
parasols, crinoline, etc. — such things as were reminders of femininity — and 
they used them freely ! 

Passing alon<r the road in South Carolina, at a bend on a hill, was noticed 
quite a gathering of women and children of dusky hue. As the column 
reached the point of their observation, one elderly, turbaned "aunty" lifted 
arms and eyes heavenward, and, swinging her arms back and forth, shouted 
out, while tears rolled down her fat, shining cheeks, " G1.ORV II.MJ.EI.UJ.MI ! 
the Yankees have come ! " repeating it several times. Suddenly, as if moved 
upon by another power, she dropped her hands, and, rolling her eyes in utter 



13 

bewilderment and astonishment, exclaimed, " Fore de Lor , cliillen, dcy done 
aint got none horns ! " An explanation of the old lady's amazement is found 
in what has so often been asserted as a fact that it tuas said by their masters 
the Yankees had horns growing out of their foreheads. 

"Living on the country" did not always insure sufficient to eat. At 
Che. aw, in the midst of a very poor country, where the Cash family has ter- 
rorized so long, we lived on parched corn two days. A few days later, we 
captured a bank and had millions ! — in Confederate scrip — but it would not 
buy a loaf of bread or any useful article. 

The Twentieth Corps Headquarters' Train, while moving along a road 
behind the troops, was attacked by mounted infantry. The company was 
deployed as a line of battle, and charged toward a woods into which they had 
retired. " Old Ike " did not seem to be in fighting trim that day (he never 
had been under fire); sort of lagged behind, and was not at all anxious to 
" put down the rebellion." The sergeant, to whom he had confided so much 
previously, seeing Ike's dislike of war and carnage, went to him, and encour- 
aged him by saying, " Ike, now 's your time to win fame and glory. There 's 
the rebel army (there may not have been twenty within ten miles — they had 
fled), and now is your time. Load and fire as fast as possible. Remember, 
you are battling for the Union and your native land. Give it to the John, 
nies strong." So down went Ike behind a log, loaded, lifted his piece at an 
angle of about ninety degrees, and, with head down to the ground, fired ! 
The sergeant called the desperate man off the field, fearing he jiiiglit hurt 
somebody! Let it be here recorded, for the benefit of posterity and future 
historians, that the rebellion did '' go down" a//er Ike enlisted and not before! 

Grant had compelled Lee to surrender. Johnston was pressed by Sher- 
man, and he, too, capitulated, ending the struggle, freeing four millions of 
bondmen, saving the Union of our fathers, and proving that the flag is the 
emblem of national unity. Our fathers, seeking a device, as a distinguishing 
mark for our flag, chose not anything which was perishable, but emblazoned 
it with the eternal stars ! The star of Bethlehem was the light which led the 
wise men of the East to the great light of the world. Our stars are lights of 
freedom to all nations of the earth. The star of Bethlehem revealed the ful- 
fillment of the promise of deliverance to God's people. Our stars deliver 
men of every clime from oppression and wrong, and keep the promise of 
equal rights for all. 

The sentiment which had crystallized into the solid steel of action, did 
become the embodiment of invincible power; and out of the crash of arms 
there was evolved a grand and glorious victory for the " boys who wore the 
blue;" while our " star spangled banner " waved more proudly and defiantly 
than ever ; for it did wave over a " land of the free and the homes of the 
brave," with not a star dimmed or extinguished, not a stripe missing, nor its 
pure white soiled. Never had it been trailed in the dust, — the Northland, 
with all the loyalty of the border States and the South, rising in all the 
grandeur and sublimity of a holy patriotism, had declared that, ''By the 
Eternal, the Union must and shall be preserved ! " 

The 8th day of June, 1865, the 13th New Jersey was "mustered out" of 
service, and immediately returned to the State. Two weeks later, at Newark, 



14 

the regiment was settled with by one of Uncle Sam's paymasters, and 
Companies C and K, which had been recruited in Paterson, proceeded to the 
depot to take the train home. A number of the "boys" from other compa- 
nies — Maddox was there too — accompanied them to say good-bye, and sever 
the bond which had for nearly three years held them together. The last fare- 
wells are shouted, as the conductor calls out, " All aboard ! " Every window 
on the depot side of the train is raised ; out of each protrudes a head with a 
hand behind each ear, and, as the train starts, each man gives Maddox — the 
noblest (?) and bravest (?) soldier (?) of all — this never-to-be-forgotten parting 
salute : " Auh-uh ! Auh-uh ! Auh-uh-uh ! " 

The author had a great-uncle, a veteran of the war of 1812, living in the 
upper part of Passaic County, N. J., whom he had promised to visit and talk 
with about the war if he lived to return. During the summer he kept his 
promise b)- paying the aged veteran a visit, finding him almost blind. (For 
the sake of historical truth, let it be said that within three days after he left 
the poor old man went " stone blind "^talked blmd.) A few days after 
arriving at the home of the old soldier, the author asked him : " Uncle, do 
you know a man living somewhere within ten or fifteen miles, named Ike 
Kelsey ? " " I-k-e K-e-1-s-e-y ! I-k-e K-e-1-s-e-y ! " he replied ; " why, yes ; he 's 
the biggest liar in the country ! He says he killed ten thousand rebels, and if 
he had n't enlisted the rebellion would be going yet ; that he went down 
South to 'put down ' the Confederacy, and it went down ! Yes, I know the 
/tar ; he lives five miles from here, and says he was in your Company, but I 
do n't believe him." He concluded to make Ike a visit ; tramped over the 
distance, and espied Ike mowing in a field, who, seeing him, dropped his 
scythe, ran to meet him, and shouted out : " Heigho, Sergeant ! glad you 
thought enough of ' Old Ike ' to come and see him. The ' rebs ' could n't kill 
'Old Ike,' could they, />e £-os/i / " Ike invited him to the house, introduced 
him to " Sarah Ann " and fourteen or fifteen children — somewhere near that 
— they were not counted up — some being great, large, strapping fellows. 
Ike began to talk about /lis service, and valor, and courage, and exploits. 
The Sergeant thought that Ike (and the boys) would not be very well pleased 
if his stories were denied ; indeed, discretion dictated silence. At the close 
of a three hours' visit, which included dinner, a mental calculation proved 
that, according to Ike's own figures — and it is said figures are always truthful 
— Ike Kelsey, the great Passaic County warrior, had actually killed (.^) — all 
alone, himself, — fourteen thousand nine lumdred and sixty-seveti rebels I 

The " boys " who had stood side by side when shot, and shell, and 
bayonet were doing deadly work — when the very earth seemed to reel and 
the heavens bend ; who stared annihilation in the face, and seemed to peer 
into the unseen future world ; who, after years of blood, disaster, and death, 
and nights of terror, and solemn, silent requiems over the brave dead ; who, 
after mornings, and noons, and nights devoted to covering with mother earth 
the bodies of the loyal slain, — beheld one day when the orb of peace had risen 
up out of a nation's night, and, pushing aside the gathered grey of treason, 
revealed to all the world that the pure, true blue of loyalty had risen above 
rebellion, withering it by its power, and permitting a million men to return 
to peaceful pursuits and enjoy a land they had saved by their sacrifices. 



15 

To perpetuate the memories of the struggle ; to fraternize all who 
responded to the call of their country ; to provide for those who were 
maimed or disabled ; to guard from want the widows and orpl^ans of deceased 
comrades in arms ; in a word, to do for the Union soldier and his family what 
the Government, or others, could not do, was the GRAND Army OF THE 
Republic founded. In its brotherhood are men of every shade of political 
and religious belief. Around its altar meet, in loving memory of the dear 
absent heroes who died that their country might live, those who fought in 
every branch of the service, each striving, in FRATERNITY, CHARITY, and 
Loyalty, to emulate the example and practice the virtues of that One who 
nearly two thousand years ago went about doing good, and gave His life that 
every man might live. 

The Grand Army of the Republic is solemnly engaged in a gracious and 
loving mission ; and, though sometimes regarded with suspicion, is used by no 
man or set of men for personal or political aggrandizement. Every member is 
the peer of every other ; the only real superiority being that of moral or intel- 
lectual capacity. It does care for its wards ; expends more for charity — which 
is always tendered as a right rather than a favor — in a twelvemonth than any 
other organization on earth : educates and cares for the orphan, provides for 
the widow, and drives " the wolf " from many a door. // buries the dead 
soldier honorably ! No more is heard in this land that taunting couplet : 

"Rattle his bones over the stones, 
He's only a pauper soldier whom nobody owns." 

It is educating the youth of America in patriotism. The young men of 
to-day, and the boys who will be young men in the next decade, are more 
patriotic than their fathers. The Union of the States and the flag means 
much to them, because, for twenty years, this organization, by its work, has 
kept alive and ever before the public the principles which prompted them to 
battle for the Union and the flag. 

But there are other GRAND Armies ! The Grand Army of noble dead ! 
304,369, at the close of the war — now increased to nearly 1,000,000 — bivouack 
on the eternal plains ! and have answered the " roll-call " by the chief mus- 
tering officer of the universe. 

And where are ye, O fearless men ? 

And where are ye to-day ? 
We call : — the hills reply again 

That ye have passed away : 
That on Frederick's lonely height, 

In Georgia and in Pennsylvania ground. 
The grass grows green, the harvest bright. 

Above each patriot's mound. 

The starry flag, 'neath which they fought, 

In many a bloody day. 
From their old graves shall rouse them not. 

For they have passed away ! 
The bugle's wild and warlike blast 

Shall "muster" them no more; 
An army now might thunder past 

And they not heed its roar. 



i6 

TUK Grand Army of sufferers! The wounds made by the war in 
human hearts have not all healed yet I Wives still think of husbands slain, 
mothers of darling boys offered up as sacrifices upon the altar of their 
country, children of the father who came not back. There are still desolate 
homes and hungry hearts longing for the buried love, and palsied arms which 
might, if they only cotild, clasp the dear form once again. Yes, the memories 
of the days of poignant sorrow are fresh to-day, and the Grand Army of 
sufferers is being recruited as fast as the Grand Army of the Republic is 
depleted ; and this must continue until the last '"boy" who wore the blue is 
" mustered out ; " aye, continue beyond it, for he will leave somebody ivho zvill 
suffer in mind and heart because he has gone to Join his comrades ! 

The Grand Army of patriots, who, of necessity, remained at home, fur- 
nished the " sinews of war," and made it possible for the army in the field to 
remain there, and be fed, and clothed, and provided with weapons of war. 
Let it ever be remembered that all the honor and glory is not due to those 
who served in the field or on shipboard. All honor to the loyal, true, patri- 
otic, brave men, who thought duty demanded that they should remain at 
home, — and there, in every way in their power, aided and encouraged those 
who were fighting the battles of the republic ; who gave of their substance to 
enable the drafts upon the Government to be met ; who cared for the families 
of absent soldiers ; who voted heavy taxes against tliemselves to meet the 
financial requirements of nation, state, county, and town. While every 
anathema in the catalogue should be hurled against the cowardly skulker \\\\o 
went to Canada, or who was against the success of the Union cause, every 
word of praise proper to be spoken should be used in favor of the conscien- 
tious, honest citizen, who at home did his full share in the war for the Union ! 

The Grand Army of young patriots — the boys who will soon be men, — 
who will not be found wanting when any power on the globe measures swords 
with America; whose prowess will be as great, and whose military honors will 
be as resplendent, as that of their revolutionary sires or the "boys" of '6i ; 
who ii'/// not, nor cannot, forget the lessons now taught them by the Gr.WD' 
Army of the Republic! 

Comrades of the Grand Army of the Republic : — 

Keep bright the record you have made 

In honor of the nation's noble dead. 

And when in future the time shall come, 

That slow, to the beat of the muffled drum, 

Is borne the form of the very last — 

And the Grand Army is numbered with the past. 

The cause of the order shall not sever 

From the nation's heart of hearts forever. 

And when our " /•'uti^'iif" on earth is o'er, 

And the " Assfmt/y" is beat on a better shore; 

The ranks shall be full when the "line" is made 

'J\) forni the Eternal "Dress Paratie !" 



Engagements to deliver the Lecture can be made by addressing the 
Author, E. L. Allen, Highland, Ulster Co., N. Y. 

Post, Department, and Individual Rights, to use and deliver this Lecture, 
for sale. Address as above. 



OPINIONS OF THE PRESS. 

"Those who were foitunate enough to hear Rev. E L Allen's Lectare on "Both 
Sides of Army Life," last evening, enjoyed an intellectual treat. A repetition is already 
being talked oi:'—A''c7t's-P,ess, I'oughkeepsie, N. Y. 

"The Lecture of Rev. E. L. Allen, at Hedding M. E. Church, on Friday evenintr 
was very interesting. All wlio had the pleasure of listening lo it, speak of it in the 
highest terms of praise."— Ow/V/-, Poughkeepsie, N. Y. 

" Mr. Allen is an excellent speaker, having a good delive.y, and being able to hold 
the attention of his audience from the time he begins until he closes. He is greeted 
with full houses." — Freeman, Kingston, N. Y. 

"The Lecture at Housatonic last evening, by Rev. E. L. Allen, was intensely 
mteresiing and provoked many a smile when relating the comical incidents of the war 
His lecture was well delivered and he is a fine speaker."— Ov///^-. Gt. Harrington, Mass' 

" The Rev. E. Livingston Allen's Lecture, on Thursday night last, helped much to 
mcrease the treasury of the G. A. R. Relielf Fund of Widows and Orphans. The 
Lecture was very interesting, especially lo the members of the Grand Army, who parti- 
cipated in many of the Vi:i.\.\\e%."— Messenger, Haverstraw, N. Y. 

" Mr. Allen is spoken of very highly by both press and public as an eloquent and 
humorous lecturer, and his magnetic influence is always felt by his audience who at 
times are convulsed with laughter at the e.xtreme ludicrousness of the situations, and 
then again moved to tears by a pathetic reminiscence of his subject."— T^m/.w/a/ "/«,//- 
cator, Rondout, N. Y. 



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